What defines "Runway Incursions"?

Runway incursions are specifically defined as situations where there is unauthorized entry onto a runway by an aircraft, vehicle, or person. This definition is critical for maintaining operational safety within the airport environment, as runway incursions can lead to serious incidents or accidents during takeoff and landing. Understanding this definition is vital for all personnel involved in flight operations, as it highlights the importance of adhering to established protocols and communication procedures to ensure that all movements around the runway area are authorized and safe.

The other scenarios described do not fit within the definition of a runway incursion. Authorized entry onto a runway for maintenance does not constitute an incursion since it is conducted with proper clearance and authorization. Any landing that does not meet protocol typically refers to procedural violations rather than the unauthorized presence on a runway. Additionally, taxiway activity unrelated to takeoff or landing focuses on ground movements that occur away from the runway and does not affect runway safety directly. Thus, they do not align with the established definition of runway incursions.